Mingjie biomass carbonization plant enables efficient production of rice husk charcoal. It primarily utilizes continuous pyrolysis technology, enabling 24-hour continuous biomass feed and biochar discharge.
The biomass carbonization equipment utilizes a double-layered cylinder structure to improve biochar production efficiency. The inner cylinder dries the material, while the stainless steel outer cylinder heats the material for carbonization. This double-layer reactor design extends the equipment’s service life and achieves integrated pyrolysis and carbonization, ensuring optimal production of rice husk charcoal.
The rice husk charcoal making machine offers high thermal efficiency, reaching 70% to 90%, resulting in significant energy savings. The materials do not come into contact with flue gases and are not contaminated by hot air. Compared to single-layer external heating systems, the thermal efficiency is more than doubled.
The multi-stage purification system effectively filters out harmful substances from the gases and extracts wood vinegar and tar. This not only meets environmental standards, but also increases returns for investors.
Efficient Production of Rice Husk Charcoal in Carbonization Plant
Biomass carbonization plant achieves efficient mass production of rice husk charcoal through standardized processes, specialized equipment, and precise process control. The entire rice husk charcoal production process can be divided into four core steps: raw material pretreatment, pyrolysis carbonization, product collection, and tail gas treatment.
Raw Material Pretreatment
Raw material pretreatment is a key prerequisite for ensuring a stable rice husk carbonization process and consistent product quality.
If the initial moisture content of the rice husk is higher than 15%, it must be dried in a dryer. Drying reduces the moisture content to 8%-10%. This prevents both increased energy consumption during carbonization due to excessive moisture and spontaneous combustion caused by low moisture levels. The subsequent drying process utilizes the waste heat from the carbonization exhaust as a heat source, rotating the husks in a drum to achieve uniform drying.
Pyrolysis Carbonization: Efficient Conversion from Biomass to Biochar
Carbonization is the core step in converting rice husks from organic waste into functional biochar. Biomass rice husk carbonization equipment primarily utilizes a continuous pyrolysis reactor. Through precise control of temperature, heating rate, and residence time, efficient production of rice husk charcoal is achieved.
Staged Temperature Control
The Biomass to Biochar carbonization process consists of three stages: drying (100-200°C) – pyrolysis (200-500°C) – and carbonization (500-700°C). These stages are precisely controlled by the furnace’s staged temperature control system.
- Drying: Removes residual moisture from the rice husks in preparation for pyrolysis.
- Pyrolysis: Decomposes cellulose and hemicellulose in the rice husks, releasing volatiles (such as methane and tar).
- Carbonization: Deeply decomposes lignin to form a stable charcoal structure. The temperature must be strictly controlled to not exceed 750°C (to avoid excessive graphitization and reduced porosity).
Oxygen Content Control
The pyrolysis carbonization process must be carried out in an oxygen-deficient environment (oxygen content ≤ 2%). This is achieved by introducing an inert gas (such as nitrogen) into the furnace or by controlling the air flow. Excessive oxygen content can cause the rice husks to burn and produce ash, reducing charcoal yield. Excessive oxygen content can prolong the Biomass to Biochar carbonization process, affecting efficiency. Carbonization equipment uses online oxygen content monitoring to provide real-time feedback.
Retention Time Optimization
Adjust the residence time based on the equipment type and product requirements. Adjust the reactor speed to ensure that the rice husks react adequately at each temperature range.
Biochar Cooling and Collection
The carbonized rice husk charcoal reaches temperatures as high as 500-600°C. Direct contact with air can easily cause spontaneous combustion, and high temperatures can damage the charcoal’s pore structure. Therefore, the cooling and collection process must balance rapid cooling and quality assurance.
The high-temperature rice husk charcoal flows directly from the carbonization furnace outlet into a water-cooled spiral cooler. Circulating cooling water (inlet temperature ≤ 30°C) flows through the cooler’s interlayer, propelling the charcoal forward through the spiral blades while rapidly cooling it.
During the cooling process, the cooling rate is strictly controlled (50-80°C/min) to avoid excessive cooling that could cause cracking of the charcoal particles. After cooling, the rice husk charcoal temperature drops below 50°C before it is ready for subsequent grading or storage.
Exhaust Gas Treatment
The carbonization process produces volatiles (primarily methane, carbon monoxide, and tar). The carbonization plant utilizes a “exhaust gas recovery – purification – reuse” system to achieve green production and energy recycling.
The exhaust gas from the carbonization reactor first enters a cyclone separator to remove carbon dust. It then enters a spray tower, where an alkaline solution absorbs tar and acidic gases. Finally, it enters an activated carbon adsorption tower to further remove residual organic matter, ensuring that the harmful content of the purified exhaust gas meets emission standards.
The purified exhaust gas (methane and carbon monoxide) is piped to the carbonization furnace burner. It serves as an auxiliary heat source, replacing some natural gas and reducing energy costs.
In addition, the collected tar can be further processed into fuel oil or chemical raw materials, realizing resource utilization. This completes the biomass pyrolysis process into a closed loop of “raw material – carbonization – energy – reuse,” improving overall efficiency.
Automated and Efficient Production
The biomass carbonization plant utilizes automated control systems and full-process quality monitoring to ensure efficient and stable production of rice husk charcoal.
The biomass to biochar production line is equipped with a PLC control system, which monitors key parameters in real time and allows for parameter adjustment via a touchscreen. This reduces manual operation and prevents production fluctuations caused by human error.
Through standardized and efficient production processes, the carbonization plant enables large-scale, high-quality production of rice husk charcoal. This not only addresses the challenge of rice husk waste disposal, but also provides high-quality biochar for the agricultural, environmental, and energy sectors.
