Palm fiber is a high-quality raw material for making biochar. Palm fiber belongs to the lignocellulosic category of agricultural and forestry waste, with a carbon content of 45%–55%, extremely low sulfur and nitrogen impurities, and a loose fiber structure. Biochar from palm fiber can be produced through pyrolysis carbonization technology.
Due to the lightweight, fluffy, and dust-prone nature of palm fiber, continuous biomass pyrolysis plant is currently the primary equipment for large-scale processing. They employ a closed, negative-pressure, low-temperature, oxygen-free carbonization process, maintaining a stable temperature range of 400–550℃.
The material undergoes four main processes: drying and dehumidification, preheating and volatile matter removal, constant-temperature carbonization, and closed-loop cooling. This process ensures thorough decomposition of the fiber’s organic matter and a high concentration of carbon.
During the biochar from palm fiber production process, continuous carbonization equipment operates without open flame combustion or dust leakage. All flue gas is recovered and recycled for heating, achieving energy self-sufficiency.
Production Process of Biochar from Palm Fiber
Crushing & Drying: If the palm fiber moisture content is higher than 15% and the size is greater than 20mm, it needs to be crushed first and then dried in a dryer.
Carbonization & Discharge: The main carbonization furnace is preheated, and then the dried material is conveyed to the feeder by a conveyor belt. It then enters the main carbonization furnace for carbonization. After pyrolysis and carbonization for 18-20 minutes, the palm fiber biochar is discharged through a water-cooled slag discharger.
Syngas Generation: Syngas is generated approximately 10 minutes after feeding. It first enters a cyclone dust collector for cleaning, desulfurization, and dust removal. Then it enters a condenser where it is separated into wood vinegar and tar. The remaining gas is drawn to the outside of the main furnace by an induced draft fan and used to heat the main reactor.
Hot Flue Gas Reuse: Some of the waste heat flue gas can be used to heat the dryer. The remaining flue gas is discharged after passing through a dust removal system.
How does Carbonization Temperature Affect Biochar Performance?
Research confirms that temperature is the dominant factor affecting biochar performance. Different carbonization temperatures yield biochar with varying properties.
Low-temperature carbonization (300℃): The porous structure of the biochar begins to form, and the surface retains more oxygen-containing functional groups. This may endow it with stronger surface reactivity.
High-temperature carbonization (700℃): The specific surface area and pore volume of the biochar increase significantly. More cracks and pores appear on the surface, resulting in stronger adsorption capacity for pollutants such as heavy metals. Simultaneously, the pH value and ash content of the biochar increase at high temperatures.
Furthermore, for projects seeking long-term carbon sequestration benefits, biochar from palm fiber prepared at 500-700℃ exhibits higher stability.
Industrialized Large Scale Palm Fiber Biochar Production Equipment
For large scale biochar production, besides the carbonization process itself, economic feasibility and equipment investment must be considered.
Mingjie fully automatic pyrolysis plant achieves 24-hour continuous palm fiber biochar production. It completely solves the problems of palm fiber waste accumulation pollution, difficult treatment, and low utilization rate. Simultaneously, it transforms waste palm fiber into a valuable resource biochar, making it the preferred equipment for palm fiber processing plants.
Advantages of Mingjie Continuous Biomass Carbonization Plant
- Mingjie continuous biomass carbonization plant adopts a double-cylinder structure. The inner cylinder dries the material, while the outer cylinder’s heating zone uses 310S stainless steel. It achieves material pyrolysis and carbonization, improving the continuity and reliability of equipment use.
- The biomass pyrolysis equipment integrates material drying and carbonization, ensuring that the produced biochar content meets ideal requirements.
- The continuous palm fiber biochar production plant has a higher thermal utilization rate. The carbonization equipment achieves a thermal efficiency of 70%~90%, resulting in good energy-saving effects.
- The raw material does not come into contact with flue gas, and is not affected by hot air pollution.
- The multi-stage purification system effectively filters out harmful substances from the gas, and can extract wood vinegar and tar. This not only meets environmental protection requirements but also increases returns for investors.
